What Role does Dialect Knowledge Play in the Perception of Linguistic Distances?

The present paper reports on an investigation to find an answer to the question to what extent subjects base their judgments of linguistic distances on actual dialect data presented in a listening experiment and to what extent they involve previous knowledge of the dialects when making their judgments. The point of departure for our investigation were distances between 15 Norwegian dialects as perceived by Norwegian listeners. We correlated these perceptual distances with objective phonetic distances measured on the basis of the transcriptions of the recordings used in the perception experiment. In addition, we correlated the perceptual distances with objective distances based on other datasets. On the basis of the correlation results and multiple regression analyses we conclude that the listeners did not base their judgments solely on information that they heard during the experiments but also on their general knowledge of the dialects. This conclusion is confirmed by the fact that the effect is stronger for the group of listeners who recognized the dialects than for listeners who did not recognize the dialects on the tape.